4500 Spaces at Tertiary Institutions in PNG are Susceptible to Bribery

According to the Papua New Guinea Education Secretary, 21430 Grade 12 students have sat the national examinations this year. Dr Tapo also revealed that only 4500 spaces are available for the academic year 2015 at all higher learning institutions. That means that 20% of students in Grade 12 will be considered for universities and colleges throughout the country.

Tiri Kuimbaku's photo | Sharp Talk (Click to view discussion)

This article featured in PNG Attitude


The drop-out figure could be more than 80% (16730). Take a look at the data and facts presented. The irregularities are pretty shocking!

English and Literature (E&L) exam are compulsory/mandatory for all students. That means that if 21430 students have sat for the examinations, the same number should ALSO do the E&L exam. Unfortunately, the real number that sat the exam was put down to only 17236. So, who are those  4194 (i.e. 21430 - 17236) students?

In fact, the same number (21430) should also have sat for Mathematics examinations. The department statistics showed that 7091 students sat for Maths A and 13191 Maths B. That gives a total of 20282. Who are 1148 (21430 - 20282) students, where is their place in the total given by Dr Tapo?

Numbers presented by the secretary do not actually add up when we are talking about only 4500 spaces. 

Take, for instance, the difference between the total of grade 12 students given by the secretary (21430) and those sitting E&L (17236) is about the same as the number of spaces available from tertiary institutions, i.e. 4500 available spaces vs 4194 unaccounted students sitting the exams.

In the Maths exams, there are 1148 students who are suspiciously unaccounted for. We are talking about numbers in the thousands when there are only 4500 places. The odds indicated that dropout figures for this year could be more than what initially thought.

As a matter of clarification, students doing code, distance study or resitting exams could have been included. 

But, even if they are included the irregularity is in the thousand and so there is a stiff competition between the 'known' and 'unknown' students, the accounted and the unaccounted. That means that more than 4000 students who are not attending a formal secondary school are also vying for one of the 4500 spaces.

Fair enough. But, the secretary for education should make this clear in his reporting. He is presenting figures that do not reflect the actual situation. How many students are not from the mainstream education system? At least put some meaning into the numbers.

The irregularities in numbers do indicate extra students are included in the total competing for the limited spaces. So who are they? We don't know. The point is: if 4000 students from the mainstream secondary school are competing for the 4000 spaces with another 4000 'ghost' students, the NET competition is zero.

In reality, those 4500 spaces are susceptible to bribery, manipulation and foul-play of all sorts. So, who suffers here?  Those poor students who have spent the best part of their 12 years in the formal education stood little or no chance against a manipulative (unaccounted) lot. 

The Papua New Guinea Department of Education needs to collect relevant and accurate data from schools around the country. The secretary analysis must base on factual data. He must not spit out data to the media when the numbers are flawed.

Make no mistake. The unambiguous numbers can have a dramatic effect on mainstream students - those young 18 and 19 years old. It is unfair to mistreat one student in the selection process, let alone thousands of them. 

END: PNG education system is producing 80 - 90% dropouts at Grade 12 every year. Yet, the government does not have accurate data to help sort out this problem.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~


Port Moresby's Best Getaways Top Things to Do

POM has lots of things visitors can do. Like any holiday, if you do proper research, you are likely to find the best things around/within the city to do. 

I thought it would be helpful to list 10 touristy 'things' visitors (including locals) can do when in POM.

port moresby adventure park crocodile


5 Things To Do in Port Moresby

1) You can arrange for a guided tour along the ranges from UPNG to Hanubada (a good way to see POM from a different angle) or singsing group from one of the Motu Koitabu villages (travel out to the village and enjoy the tranquillity there). 

2) The  Parliament House -Opens every weekday, free f charge. You can look around or go in when the doors are open and visit Parliament Gallery. Check parliamentary sitting time. If you love comedy, you'll enjoy the sessions - a must-watch. 

3) Port Moresby Botanical Gardens - Variety of native flora and fauna to see at the gardens: Animals can be seen up close and personal; Cassowary, Bird of Paradise, Crocodile, Snakes, including a good collection of ferns and orchids. 

4) Vision City Mall - If you are up for a stroll or window shopping, VCM could be the right place to visit. It offers a contemporary shopping experience. (Ssshhh....here is the secrete: given the value of PNG Kina at the moment, overseas visitors can shop and save). Paradise Cinema is located within its precincts- check out the cinema if you want to watch dull movies. 

5) Ela Beach Art and Craft Market - takes place either at the end or beginning of every month. A lively atmosphere, always buzzing with traditional items, PNG bilums, carvings, canvas paintings and all things PNG. You may see a traditional PNG 'singsing' performing at the market. 

5 Things To Do Outside Port Moresby, a Drive away

port moresby getaway

6) Loloata - day visit to Loloata Island Resort can be arranged easily from any hotel in POM. Spending a day or two is not a problem as there are plenty of activities you can do when on the island: snorkelling, diving, walking, kayaking, or just relaxing in the sun - recommended.

7) Kokoda - If you really want to feel the tropical heat and enjoy the flora and fauna. You've got to do this. Preparation is essential. Tour operators can be found here.

8) Pacific Adventist University Sunday Market - take a trip out to PAU, and enjoy the Sunday morning market and surroundings there. You can also visit the Safari Park while you are there (right at the entrance to PAU) or travel 10 minutes up to Crystal Rapids & to Bomana War Memorial. A complete package can be found on the PNG Trekking Adventures website.


9) Varirata National Park - You don't have to travel to other parts of PNG to see beautiful birds of paradise and enjoy the natural beauty of the place. A day trip to VNP is a better way to get out of the city. 

10) March Girls Resort - Located 3 - 4 hours out of the city, a nice place with a 'black sandy beach'., a good family getaway. Along Magi Highway, travelling past Loloata. There are roadside markets where you can get fresh 'kulau', watermelon, mango and anything on sale at a fraction of the price in POM. Take a picnic, sit on the beach, have an SP beer and enjoy the day.

Lae School Fights III: Fighting Bad Habits Vs Fighting Bad Students

This is part III of Fight Against School Fights series. 

The article is about identifying and dealing with students’ bad behaviour in schools. Many school administrators do fear students’ reprisal when dealing with students. 


Fear lingers mainly because admins and school boards tend to fight students instead of their behaviours. Students' way of doing things against guided principles - negative students culture -  when not monitored and corrected can lead to other chronic bad behaviours. The key word is chronic as such is contagious and spreads among students. 

But, how does a one-off bad act becomes chronic? I will discuss how to correct one bad act and contain it before it established tentacles among students. 


Below are five ambiguous areas where school administrators can exploit to contain bad students’ habits effectively.

Adapted: EMTV 

I am going to use the words act, habit and character. To make readers understand them, I am putting them into context below.


Plant a thought, reap an act

Plant the act, reap a habit

Plant the habit, reap a character

The character determines a destination




1.      Discipline Vs Behaviour

Discipline is about moulding students’ behaviour. It is not the end, it is always the beginning of a process. Every student who enters a classroom whether they are from the street, village, middle class or upper class has to be seen equal by teachers and school admin.

Educators often identify students’ abilities by academic capabilities (bright and not-so-bright), leadership roles and behaviour. What is important here is the fact that regardless of the student, school has a responsibility to develop every student to live a happy and fulfilling life – many call it the integral development.

Schools are there as institutions for moulding and shaping minds and hearts of young people,  hence systemic discipline is a vital element.

2.      Home Discipline Vs School Discipline

Many have a preconceived idea that discipline starts at home. A line must be drawn between discipline at home and at school. Discipline always starts at home. This is true for those who have decent family upbringing where parents are there to drill into their children good habits.

Starting to learn about the world at home is always effective (for sure) and that is where discipline starts by default. But, this can be a ‘dead argument’ for students who do not have a place call home. What about student living with 'wantoks, or students from broken and violent homes? And what about students who have good homes, but are influenced by peers on the streets?

As long as students are in the school, school takes responsibility on all matters pertaining to shaping good habits. School as learning institution must instil good attitude in young men and women. School has the ultimate duty to ensure this happens.

Classroom is WHERE a parentless child sits with the privileged. School is where a violent dad does not exist for the day. School and classroom are neutral grounds where character-shaping can take place unobstructed.


3.      Protecting Students

Welfare of every student and teacher within school precinct take precedence. More often many school administrators concentrate on fixing fault instead of proactively building barrier to prevent it.

By this I mean school admin and BoG often overlook a few ‘rotten apples’ in school. That does not means those students are rotten. It is their way of acting contrary to school’s norm and ethos that is rotten.

In order to protect the integrity of school and majority of students who are good, those behaviours have to be clearly IDENTIFIED, MARKED and DEALT with.

4.      Targeting Behaviour Vs Targeting students

I mentioned the difference briefly above. Most school administrators and BoG often target students instead of their behaviour. This is where the problem is!

Bad habits, actions and behaviours are always common year on year in every school. This can be an effective way to discover students because you never tell from students names. Having an idea about bad habits, bad actions and bad behaviours can help to solve students’ behavioural issues forehand.

The point here is to fight the actions and behaviours that are bad, instead of fighting with students. If it means revising school disciplinary policy, by all means, do it!

5.      Discipline Within Classroom Vs Discipline Within School

This is a major challenge for Lae city schools. This is where classroom/subject teachers, class patrons, deputy principals and principals are pivotal in application of discipline.

In behaviour management, there has to be clear communication all throughout the process. Communication with student and parents is the key; starting with verbal warning, referral to deputy principal, punishment, warning letter to parents, facing BoG, etc. Expulsion/termination should ever be considered as the last resort.

Discipline is always the start, not the end. Applying discipline is about reinforcing good habits, getting students into a good school culture and ensuring prudent behaviour exits the first time, every time.

END: Following a clearly outlined disciplinary process is the best way to control and contain bad habit before it takes stronghold in students.

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
In my next post I will undertake to concentrate on principals and deputy principals as the pillars of discipline and what they should do to foster good school culture ....

EXXON MOBIL PNG LNG PROCEEDS : How Much Has Been Made Within 5 months?

The article discusses the proceeds generated from the PNG LNG sales within the first five months of operation. It addresses contradictions in the Prime Minister's statements and raises concerns about possible misinformation and irregularities in handling the country's revenue.

exxonmobil png address - earning projected


*Calculations are based on responses from the Prime Minister, Peter O’Neill, when questioned Don Polye and Sam Basil. 

ExxonMobil PNG LNG project

The PNG LNG project, launched on 26th May 2014, has witnessed 12 shipments of liquefied natural gas reaching Japan within a span of just five months. 

With a significant investment of USD$19 billion, the project is estimated to continue production for the next 30 years. However, recent statements by then Prime Minister Peter O'Neill have sparked debates over the actual revenue generated from these initial shipments.

According to Prime Minister O'Neill's response to questions posed by Don Polye and Sam Basil, the proceeds from the sales of these 12 LNG shipments amount to more than US$600 million. This indicates a promising start to the project's revenue generation. However, further scrutiny reveals some irregularities in the Prime Minister's response that warrant attention.

The first contradiction lies in the projected duration of the LNG project. While media outlets and Exxon Mobile claim a 30-year lifespan, the Prime Minister mentioned a 20-year duration during his response. This discrepancy of 10 years could potentially result in a loss of one-third of the projected revenue. Such inconsistencies raise concerns about the accuracy of the information provided to the public and stakeholders.


EXXON MOBIL PNG LNG PROCEEDS

The second concern arises from the PNG government Hansard, which highlights the Treasurer's previous statement about an undisclosed amount of the government's cut being kept in Trust Accounts during a parliamentary debate. However, the Prime Minister's response contradicts this, creating confusion among the international community and stakeholders. Transparency and consistency in communicating financial matters are essential for fostering trust and confidence in the project.

Furthermore, the Prime Minister's assertion that the revenue will start flowing into the government's coffers from 2015 onwards raises eyebrows. The decision regarding revenue allocation typically rests with the company's board of directors, rather than the Prime Minister or the government. This statement prompts further inquiry into the management and oversight of the project's financial affairs.

Summary:

In summary, the PNG LNG project has seen initial success, generating over US$600 million from 12 shipments within five months. However, discrepancies in the Prime Minister's statements regarding the project's duration and the handling of revenue distribution raise concerns about misinformation and irregularities. Clear and transparent communication is crucial when dealing with substantial amounts of the country's currency, and it is essential to address these issues promptly to avoid any potential long-term consequences. The government must prioritize accuracy and accountability to ensure a successful and sustainable future for the PNG LNG project.

School Fights: Secretary For Education Concern and the Action He Never Took

Dr. Michael F Tapo’s skilfully identified two important powers within school that remain inactive when discussing school fights in Papua New Guinea Schools, including Lae Schools: the School Admin and School Board.

He correctly stated that:

“School administrations must establish a good working relationship with different authorities in the province and communities to minimize the disciplinary problems going on in schools especially school fights,” [Press Release]


They have to remain open-minded. That means every provincial education authority has to work together as a unit from school principals and board to provincial education adviser (PEA) and provincial education board (PEB).

The secretary for education has to do something if he is genuine about the concern he raised. He is not an ordinary citizen, nor is he a classroom teacher. He is the secretary! He has got to either have a plan or consult with affected schools on the best way to address schools fights.

The secretary’s ineptitude would be obvious if he had not done anything. 

This is a huge fight and it has to be fought strategically - a challenge that needs practical solution. To be successful, careful planning is needed before any action.

If he is truly concerned about school fights, he has got to have a plan of action to help school admin and board of governors; he must make his concern heard. It would be incompetent to have released a press statement without strategic plan.  


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Resume vs CV: Learn the differences, check out the tips and sample.


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A Step-by-Step Guide to Investing in Stocks and Shares





School Fights in Lae (ii): What Can Be Done At School Level and Within Provincial Education Circles

UPDATED 16th December 2018

In an earlier post, Fight Against School Fights In Lae (i): School's Culture Vs Students' Culture, I explained students’ culture by stating 2 ways students are identified and 4 impacts on students education.To clarify any misunderstanding, this series of articles is not an attempt to outline duties for each of the positions below (they know what to do), but to give insight into what each person performing the role can do to help solve the problem of school fights in Lae schools. 


school fights in lae city schools

So, let’s have a look at those positions and powers at play here:

School administrators: secondary school admins are principal and deputy principals. Those positions are pivotal when it comes to disciplining students; applying discipline (when a student is in the wrong) and enforcing discipline (to show authority and maintain good school culture).

Every student WITHIN a school has got to have respect for admin. But to gain respect, admin must earn it! Drawing clear line between good and bad students' behaviour is where discipline matters. School admin must maintain students’ discipline at all times and enforce it when necessary.

If an admin cannot do this simple ask, they are rendered useless and ineffective. 

School board: A school board is the ‘ultimate’ body within school’s boundary; comprised of parents and teachers reps, senior teachers and admin. In additions to school governance, they make important decisions on bad student behaviours. 

On hindsight, there must be a clear and strong presence of school board chairpersons and their peers on matters pertaining to students’ discipline. 

I call it ‘the ultimate body’ as school boards have the potential to control and contain students from behaving badly. It can create a positive school culture in school by working closely with schools admins.

Morobe provincial education board: PEB exists on provincial government’s prerequisite. Its role is that of a ‘middleman’ between school board of governors and provincial education authorities. 

If teachers or students do not agree on school board’s decision they can go to the PEB. It can deal with discipline matters especially if students appeal a decision by school board. 

That means that PEB can hear disciplinary matters. If, for example, Bugandi or Bumayong or Busu or Lae Secondary School is seen to have on-going problems the chairman of PEB must step in and find out why.

He must keep school admin and board on their toes by asking questions and reporting to PEA, PA and Governor if/when necessary. 

Provincial education adviser: PEA represents the national department of education in the province. He advises on teachers’ professional conduct, including educators’ appointments to positions within the province.

He is the go-to person if there are internal disputes apart from the PEB. 

As the head of department in the province and having power over the principals, PEA is a key player to solving school fights. He is the mouth piece of the national department of education on policy matters. He is also the glue that holds schools and principals and school boards together. 

Provincial administrator: the PA oversees many departments in the province, representing provincial and national governments. This is a political appointment. PA has powers to question performances of PEA, principals and school board. 

Politicians: Elected members have direct responsibility to question admins and school boards of schools in their electorates. At the same time, they have a responsibility to make sure their schools are good schools. 

For example the Member for Lae Open Lae, Loujaya Kouza, has make a call for all Morobe politicians to form a working committee tasked with providing avenue for afterschool activities. As a former school teacher, she also knows that a solution can come about if she takes a leading role by engaging people within education circles. So, she must go to schools in her electorate and talk about her ideas there before asking her male colleagues support her.

Morobe governor: this is the highest political position in the province. Any school in the province facing a problem is his problem too. Fighting against School fights in Lae should be the Morobe Governor’s number one priority. He has inherited the problem, he must find the solution. 

Does it mean he must start sacking people? He has the power to make things happen. He can find a way out. He only needs to find a way to empower the principals, deputy principals, Chairman of PEB, PEA and PA. 

He needs to take a leadership role on the fight against school fights in Lae.

~~~~~~~~~~~~
My third post will be on 'signs of bad students' behavior and 'what to do' to protect good students

Vaki, Pala, Paraka and O'Neill: Why Have Their Lawyers Not Tested The Evidence In Sam Koim's Affidavit?

This is what should have happened - PM, Vaki and Ano should test the validity of evidence contained in Sam Koim and the Police Lawyer's affidavits that led to the WoA on Peter O'Neill. They NEVER did!

Instead, they fought (and are fighting) the justice system. It would be good to see those evidence tested at the National Court. Vaki's lawyer must argue the evidence contained in Sam Koim's affidavit is wrong.

For the sake of those who have forgotten here is what the lawyer would have to argue for and against:

1. O'Neill knew the letter containing his official signature existed since 24th of January 2012.

2. O'Neill signed the letter when he was F & T Minister under Somare.

3. O'Neill denied signing the letter when he is Prime Minister.

4. O'Neill LIED whilst in the PM's seat5. O'Neill confirmed he lied.

6. O'Neill gave directive to release K80 million to Paraka forthwith.

7. O'Neill and Paraka consciously collaborated in illegal and fraudulent payments.

8.  Payments were made without consent from Department of Justice.

9. O'Neill did his mate a favour - he had a bank overdraft of over K8 million at the time of the letter

10. Forensic investigators CONFIRMED the signature on the letter was Peter O'Neill's. 

Prove to courts that those were baseless allegation and the work of TFS is a sham. PM, Vaki & Pala and those laywers representing them have to prove to the contrary the evidence contained therein Sam Koim's Affidavit! Why isn't that happening?!

~~~~~~~

Take a look at what Sam Koim has to say after disbanding of Investigative Task Force Sweep


*Here is the latest on Supreme Court's ruling on the Warrant of Arrest on Peter O'Neill as discussed in Facebook group Sharp Talk.

Loujaya Toni's Take on School Fights in Lae


She calls on all Morobe MPs (as Minister for Community Development) to form a committee. She thinks the committee should work together to create after-school activities to keep students occupied. I think that is a great call, but it remains just a political view now.

She must take the lead, from here, as the member for Lae and the person making the call.


Fight Against School Fights In Lae (i): School's Culture Vs Students' Culture

STOP: school fights in Lae city schools


UPDATED 17th December 2018

This is first of five write-up about school fights among Lae city schools. I am going to look at what was wrong, how groups are formed, impacts on students' lives, what Morobe education officials and politicians can do, what can be done and what if what can be done is not done.

School, as an organisation, functions within a culture: school facilitates a way to do things and participants (students and teachers) adhere to it. This then creates vibrant learning atmosphere within which stems adjacent nomenclatures like students' ethos and staff's code of practice.

So he who is at the helm of any learning institution must come up with the ultimate solution. (This is a topic for my other post so keep in check)

It is important to ensure the ethos and codes remain healthy and functional. Apparently, there is more to be desired from schools in Lae - the lae city schools.

To begin with, every stakeholder involving and receiving this vital government service (Education) must first asks ‘What went wrong?!’. This question supersedes when, why, who or how. Only if this can can effectively analysed, then stakeholders and concerned citizens can use it as pointer to fight against school fights. 

So what happened, then? 

A culture (note: I call a culture and not cult) was created by students (students' culture) and it existed parallel to that of the affected schools (established schools' culture). Education psychology dictates that a culture can be negative or positive whether it is schools' or students'. In Lae city schools an unpopular and detrimental students' culture has existed right under the noses to school administrators and local education authorities which seem to have continued unobstructed over the years.

For whatever reason, students' way of doing things in and around schools went undetected (or ignored!). It flourished in schools like Bugandi Secondary School, Bumayong Lutheran Secondary School, Lae Secondary School and Busu Seconday School.

This culture has tentacles in primary schools, too. It has gone from bad to worse - uncontrollable!

Today the culture created by students evidently has prominence because it had an influence on negative behaviours about school. More-so, 'generational' structure into which every student is a subject makes it difficult for him/her to take an independent stand against it. Almost unavoidable!

How are students identified?

What happened among schools in Lae is contrary to good student culture. Students are distinctly identified on two obscure but effective conditions: where and why.

WHERE: This takes precedence. Students from same area mostly attend the same primary school. They know their seniors and their seniors know theirs. They, by default, easily identify themselves with whom they know, hence generation groups takes stronghold.

WHY: Being part of a group is survival instinct many animals display. Due to peer effect within school - to actually survive and thrive in a city school - students have to identify themselves with their peers.

What is bad is the fact that students are absorbed into these groups where the atmosphere is completely opposite to norms of every school. Instead, it promotes rebellion and disobedience. A grave concern when not only practising good character and personality at young ages are vital, but also good academic achievement.

A student by default joins a group or align themselves with one. Other reasons like smoke buddies, alcohol mates, class mates, etc are supplementary as they fall under 'where' and 'why'.

Lae city schools have a situation where negative students' culture exists parallel to schools' culture. It has got to a point when the Lae school administrators, school boards, Morobe Provincial Education board, Provincial Educations Adviser, Morobe Provincial Administrator, Morobe Governor and other Morobe Education officials must not let bad students' culture takes over schools' culture.

Four Impacts Within the Education System

The impacts of negative student's culture on students' lives are many both now or later and whether they are in the village or workplace. Those stated below are impacts on educational strand - what is happening within educational circles.

Rebellion: Students are influenced to develop negative ethos by doing something against school's prescribed norm. Such students' behaviour are to prove that they can do something against school's principles and get away! Call it the test of 'daring'. For example, deliberately disobeying teachers or causing injury to other students or taking drugs. This can lead to other serious incidences like having sex, taking alcohol, skelim boros, involve fights and killings, etc.

High Drop Out: There is likely to be a high rate of students failing their examinations. This is a concern for parents; it is also a concern for those running the school; and a concern for those at the helm of the Education System in Morobe.

Education Gap: The is a lap - a generational gap - where Morobe would have had a population of half educated individuals roaming the streets and villages.

Substandard Secondary Schools: Standard of a school is linked to students' performance. It has been a disgrace for Lae schools as far as students performances is concerned. It is shameful to class a school as 'low standard'. Substandard schools would be appropriate for schools in Lae City.

It is now time to think differently. 

So, what has been done to address this problem? Here is what the Morobe Provincial Education Chairman had to say.


In my next post I’ll explain the roles and responsibilities of School administrators, school board, Morobe Provincial Education board, Provincial Educations Adviser, Provincial Administrator, Morobe Governor; what they must do their school levels.

Algebra II - Higher Order Questions Sorted by Topic

If this PDF file does not open, click on 'Open in new window' arrow. (Here ▼)

GCSE Maths 2022 Edexcel Foundation Paper 1 Set Non-calculator

The GCSE maths contents are organised into topics. Teachers set our the termly programs and teach them by topics too. 

So, you should also use the maths questions by topics when revising for the maths exams. Here are some ways to organise your revision notes by topics. More details here, but here is a brief outline.


GCSE Maths 2022 Edexcel Foundation Paper 1 Set Non-calculator


How to organise your GCSE maths revision notes by topics?

The GCSE maths school syllabus has all the outlines that schools/teachers follow when teaching the content. 

All the content should be covered before the exams, but the maths syllabus has lots of things in it. You can be lost in it.

Some suggestions to organise study notes:


Year 7 - 10 Maths Exercise Books

Your exercise books are the best places to find the topics you learn in class. Teachers teach the topics in sequences, so your books will already have the topics in order.

Maths Past Test Papers

The end-of-the-term test papers are fantastic materials to use when looking for maths questions. They are summaries of what you've learnt, condensed.

Maths teachers help

Your maths teacher is the best person to get advice from. S/he knows you well enough to suggest areas you need to improve on. Alternatively, look back at your school report. 

Study group

Take time to have conversations about maths problems and topics that you think you need help with. Talk with friends and family about things that you are struggling with.

Private GCSE maths tuition near you

If you need extra help, get an online/local maths tutor to help you with maths problems.


Download GCSE Maths Questions

There are four GCSE exam boards where you can get the maths past paper Pdf for free AQA, Edexcel, SQA and OCR.
The exam boards also provide the marking schemes, examiner reports, and practice materials.
Check out the resources here for more information on GCSE maths exams, study guides and past papers.

Addition Methods | Adding by Parts

Adding two or more numbers can be fun and easy when done in parts - by parts I mean unit, ten, hundred,....

For example

Work out the value of 5 + 15 + 34 + 58 + 72

add the tens:                      10 + 30 + 50 + 70 = 160  (you see, 70 + 30 give 100, 10 + 50 give 60 )
add the units:               5 +  5  +   4 +   8 +  2 =   24    (5 + 5 = 10, 8 + 2 = 10: that's 20, plus 4 give 24)

Now add 160 and 24

160 + 24 = 184

-----------------------------

Maths is Fun ^o^



GCSE Basic Algebra Questions and Study Guides 2022 Exams

There are four basic parts in GCSE algebra that you should know when revising for the maths papers. They are:
  • 1. Substituting
  • 2. Expanding
  • 3. Factorising
  • 4. Solving
ccea gcse maths past papers


GCSE Algebra Questions

Algebra is often regarded by both students and teachers as a tough topic to learn or teach. 

Yet, you will do well if master the four skills. The skills are the same in primary (Years 5, 6, 8) and secondary (Years9, 10, 11, 12).

Basic Algebra Questions

Below you'll find some basic algebra questions (and solutions) addressing the four skills. The questions were adapted from the UK GCSE maths exam papers.

SEE MORE ON GRADE 10 EXAM QUESTIONS HERE

1. Substitution

a. Write down the value of abc when a = 10, b = 2 and c = 0
The answer is 0 (but, many students will write 20) ……………..1 mark
Maths knowledge: any number multiplied by 0 is 0
b. Work out the value of 1/2x - 3y when x= 10 and y= 2

 5 - 6 = - 1 (many students write 1 instead)
Concept tested: Addition and subtraction of -ve and +ve numbers. (Reinforce the differences between 6 - 5 and 5 -6 or ask students to think about the number line, starting at 5 and moving left 6 places)
2 marks
c. Find the value of 3x + 2y when x = 4 and y = 5

 12 - 10 = 2
2 marks

2. Expanding Brackets (note that expanding and factorising are opposites)


 Expand the following expressions

a. 3(2y – 5) =    ……………..1 mark

 6y - 15 ( many student forget to do 3 x - 15)

b. 4(2m + 3n) =    ……………..1 mark
8m + 12n

c. x(x – 10) =    ……………..1 mark

 x^2 - 10x

3. Factorising


Factorise the following expressions  (note that expanding and factorising are opposites)

a. 2a + 10 =                                                   ……………..1 mark
Highest Common Factor (HCF) of 2a and 10 is 2

2(a + 10)

b. 4 + 6x =                                                      ……………..1 mark
HCF = 2

2(2 + 3x)

c. 3x – 9=                                                        ……………..1 mark
3 (x - 3)
d. 2x^2  + 4x

 HCF = 2x
2x (x + 2)

2 marks

4. Solving equation


Solve the following equations to find the value of x

a. 4x = 20                                                       ……………..1 mark
x = 5

b. 3x - 7 = 8                                                   ……………..1 mark

 3x = 8 + 7 ( it is important to get the order 8 + 7 right and not 7 + 8: even the answer is same, the answer may not be the same when - ing, see the example below)
3x = 15
  x = 5
c. 8(x + 12) = 100

 8x + 96 = 100 ..................Expand the brackets
8x = 100 - 96................... (subtract 96 on both sides (remember balancing equations?)
x = 4/8 (Why divide by 8? In order to find the value of x, you must divide LHS and RHS by 8)
x = 1/2 (or 0.5)

2 marks

Check out past algebra questions and maths resources here.

GCSE Foundation Maths Algebra Questions


Solve the following to find the value of y

a. y/3 = 9                         ……………..1 mark

   y = 27 .............multiply 3 x 9 ( now, this is important as you can use this to solve complex equations that have a divisor)

b.  2y/5 = 4                               ……………..1 mark
2y = 20.......... ( 20 = 5 x 4)
y = 10

c.  2y + 3 / 2 = 5

 2y + 3 = 10.......... ( 10 = 2 x 5)
2y = 10 - 3 ...........( subtracting 3 on both sides of the equation)
2y = 7
y = 7/2
y = 3.5

2 marks

Where to get GCSE Maths Questions?

There are four GCSE exam boards where you can get the maths past paper Pdf for free AQA, Edexcel, SQA and OCR.
The exam boards also provide the marking schemes, examiner reports, and practice materials.
Check out the resources here for more information on GCSE maths exams, study guides and past papers.

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